Who is the Holy Spirit?


 

When Jesus was here on earth, it was clear that in Him God was visiting His people. For Jesus did works of power and spoke words of authority which were only for God to do and to speak. Then also on many occasions before His death He predicted that He would rise again, alive for ever on the third day. He also promised that after He had ascended to God, He would send the Comforter- the Holy Spirit. ““And I will pray the Father, and He will give you another Helper, that He (the Helper) may abide with you forever - the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees Him nor knows Him; but you know Him, for He dwells with you and will be in you” (John 14:16 & 17).

 

A Muslim said to me once, ‘according to your Bible, didn’t Jesus speak of a prophet to come whom he called the Helper? This is obviously a prophecy about Muhammad.’ For centuries, Muslims scholars have endeavoured to prove that this Helper was Muhammad, the prophet of Islam. 

 

It is argued that the Greek word paracletos, which is translated ‘Helper,’ should be pareklutos or ‘praised one,’ meaning Ahmad or Muhammad. This is proof, they say, that the Biblical text has been changed! However, any knowledgeable scholar in the field will tell you that there is no evidence at all for this ‘corruption.’ All of the Greek manuscripts in existence, which predate Muhammad, say parakletos, not paraklutos. There are more than 70 Greek manuscripts of the New Testament in existence today, dating from before the time of Muhammad, and not one of them uses the word paraklutos! All use the word parakletos. In fact the word paraklutos does not appear anywhere in the Bible!

 

Let’s look at the specific details of the arrival and identity of this parakletos, ‘Helper,’ and see if they fit Muhammad:

a) He will give you another Helper

Even if, as Muslims claim, the original word was Paraklutos, the sentence would read, “He will give you another praised one.” It makes no sense and is completely out of context. What Jesus is saying here is this, ‘I have been your Helper, Counselor, Comforter. I still have many things to teach you, but I will send you another Helper like me.’

a) He will give you another Helper - The Spirit of Truth

The one obvious fact that emerges is that the Helper is a Spirit. Has Muhammad ever been called the Spirit of Truth?

c) He will abide with you forever

In no sense was Muhammad ever with Jesus’ disciples, let alone permanently. Muhammad was born in the 7th century after Christ. He lived only 62 years and then died. He did not live with his companions forever, did he? His body was buried in Medina. But Jesus said that the promised Helper would be with His disciples forever. The one referred to cannot possibly be Muhammad. Only the Holy Spirit could stay with us forever.

 

d) The Spirit of Truth whom the world cannot see

According to this prophecy, the world cannot receive the Helper because it can’t see Him.  Thousands of people saw Muhammad during his lifetime, for he was visible. The invisible Helper cannot be the visible Muhammad.

 

e) You know Him for He dwells with you

Jesus is clearly talking about someone with whom the disciples were familiar. Was Muhammad known to them? Of course not. He was born more than five hundred years later.

f) He dwells in you

The Helper was to be in the disciples. How could the Helper be Muhammad? Muhammad was a flesh and blood person who is no longer alive. Muhammad is not in Jesus’ followers and never will be. 

 

What can we conclude? Was Muhammad alive at the time of Jesus’ apostles? No. Was Muhammad ever called the ‘Spirit of Truth’? No. Did Muhammad live with the apostles forever? No. Did Muhammad live inside the apostles? No. This prophesy cannot be a reference to Muhammad. Who is it about? The Bible states the truth in the following verses. “But the Helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in My name, He will teach you all things, and bring to your remembrance all things that I said to you.” (John 14:26). It is certain, then, that the Helper is the Holy Spirit (Ruh Al-Kudus) of God.

 

The fulfilment of this prophecy occurred within a matter of days. It happened exactly as Jesus said it would. After suffering death, he arose, and showed himself alive to more than 500 people, giving convincing proof that it was himself. And only a few days after Christ’ ascension, the promised Holy Spirit descended in power upon a crowd of disciples assembled in the temple court in Jerusalem. The apostle Peter explained that earth-shaking event in these words: “Being exalted to the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, He poured out this which you now see and hear” (Bible, Acts 2:33).

 

Just as the Son was God sent from the Father in visible form, so the Holy Spirit was sent from the Father and the Son in invisible form. He opens the eyes and hearts of people to trust Christ. He dwells within each believer’s heart as teacher (John 14:26; 16:12-15). He gives liberty and power to live for God. He unites Christian people’s hearts with all others in whom the same Spirit dwells. It is the Holy Spirit who helps Christians to pray and makes their prayer effective (Romans 8:16, 26, 27).

 

The Holy Spirit is a person

 

From the early days of the church to present-day Modernism, there have been those who have denied the personality of the Spirit in one form or another. Many refer to the Spirit as an “it,” and not as a “he.” They consider Him to be an impersonal influence or power or energy, and not the third Person of the Trinity. Such a view would rob us of some of the great blessings of our salvation. Furthermore, it is not Biblical.

 

The Holy Spirit is not a ghost, as is often thought of Him. He is definitely not the Angel Gabriel, as some say, nor is He merely a prophet. The Holy Spirit is not God’s impersonal active force or power (although He certainly does have power) on the earth today, comparable to “wind or radio beams”, as some people think; nor is He an angel representing God. He is rather personal. There are many elements of personality ascribed to the Holy Spirit in the Bible which are sufficient proof of the personality of the Holy Spirit.

 

In its original language (Hebrew and Greek), whenever the Bible speaks of the Holy Spirit, it refers to as ‘He’, or ‘Him’, but never as ‘it’ or ‘its’. The Lord Jesus Christ Himself, when He spoke about the Holy Spirit, He talked about the Spirit having personal qualities. For example, Jesus said, “And I will pray the Father, and He will give you another Helper (the Holy Spirit), that He may abide with you forever - the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees Him nor knows Him; but you know Him, for He dwells with you and will be in you” (John 14:16 & 17). A few paragraphs later Jesus also said of the Holy Spirit, “When the Helper comes,...the Spirit of truth who proceeds from the Father, He will testify of Me,” (John 15:26). If the Spirit were not personal, Jesus would refer to the Spirit as ‘it’ and ‘which,’ but Jesus calls the Spirit “He”, and refers to “Him” or “Who.” 

 

We see further evidence that the Spirit is a Person by noticing what Jesus says the Spirit does. He gives the help of a Counselor (or a Helper) and testifies about Jesus, reminds, convicts the world of guilt, guides, and tells what is yet to come.

 

There are many other personal activities ascribed to Him, such as:

 

Ø     teaching (Nehemiah 9:20; Luke 12:12; John 14:26, 16:13-15)

Ø     helping (John 14:16, 16:7)

Ø     loving (Romans 15:30)

Ø     remaining with us (John 14:16-17)

Ø     hearing (John 16:13)

Ø     speaking (Ezekiel 3:24; Matthew 10:20; Acts 8:29, 10:19, 11:12, 21:11; Hebrews 3:7, 10:15-17; Revelation 2:7, 22:17)

Ø     interceding or praying on behalf others (Romans 8:26-27)

Ø      bearing witness (John 15:26; Romans 8:16)

Ø     having fellowship with us (2Corinthians 13:14)

Ø     searching the depths of God (1Cor. 2:10)

Ø     revealing future events (Acts 1:16)

Ø     knowing the thoughts of God (1Cor.2:11)

Ø     willing to distribute the gifts to some and other gifts to others (1Cor. 12:11)

Ø     desiring (Galatians 5:17)

Ø     comforting (Acts 9:31)

Ø     quickening, or giving spiritual life (John 6:63)

Ø     inspiring prophecy (Hebrews 3:7)

Ø     sending people (Acts 13:4)

Ø     appointing overseers (Acts 20:28)

Ø     forbidding and allowing certain activities (Acts 16:6-7)

Ø     being outraged (Hebrews 10:29)

Ø     being tested (Acts 5:9)

Ø      being lied to (Acts 5:3-4)

Ø      being grieved by sin in the lives of Christians (Isaiah 63:10; Eph. 4:30)

Ø     Being blasphemed against (Mark 3:29; Luke 12:10)

Ø     Giving the world convincing evidence (John 16:8)

Ø     Deciding decrees (Acts 15:28)

 

All these abilities enable us to conclude that the Holy Spirit is a distinct Person. Impersonal forces do not have these kinds of personal qualities.

 

Not only is The Holy Spirit personal, but He is also a divine Person as fully as are the Father and Son. Let us look at some of the proofs of the deity of the Holy Spirit.

 

The Holy Spirit is a divine Person

 

Some have believed that the Holy Spirit is a Person, but they have considered Him to be a created personality, and not God Himself. They have realized that the Spirit is not an impersonal “it,” but they have considered Him to be inferior to the Father and the Son. The Bible, however, attributes to the Holy Spirit not only personal characteristics, but also divine qualities which mark Him as being God.

 

Jesus is God, so it would be surprising if the Person He sent to take His place were anything less. Who could be to His disciples what Jesus Himself had been, if He were not also God? This is the way it was. The Bible gives us clear indications which display to us that the Holy Spirit is God.

 

1. The Holy Spirit is clearly called God

 

The Bible tells us that, in the early church, a couple called Ananias and Saphira sold property and gave the apostles a portion of the money they received. However, they claimed to have brought all the money. The apostle Peter was enabled by the Holy Spirit to know that they had lied. He said, ‘Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and keep back part of the price of the land for yourself? While it remained, was it not your own? And after it was sold, was is not in your own control? Why have you conceived this thing in your heart? You have not lied to men but to God’ (Acts 5:3-4). So, to lie to the Holy Spirit is to lie to God. The Holy Spirit is truly God.

 

In 2 Corinthians 3:17, the apostle Paul said of the Holy Spirit, “Now the Lord is the Spirit; and where there is the Spirit of the Lord, there is liberty.” This is a remarkable claim! We have already seen that the name ‘Lord’ is the New Testament synonym for Old Testament descriptions of God (YHWH). Yet when He wrote this second letter to the Corinthians he said, ‘The Holy Spirit is the Kurios!

 

2. Divine Attributes are ascribed to the Holy Spirit

 

The attributes of God are ascribed to the Holy Spirit. What can be said of God is said of Him!

 

Ø     The Holy Spirit is Eternal (Hebrew 9:14)

Ø     He is Omnipresent (Psalm 139:7)

Ø     He is Omniscient and all wise (1Corinthians 2:10)

Ø     He is Omnipotent (Zechariah 4:6; Romans 8:11, 15:19)

Ø     He is Holy (and according to Isaiah 57:15 that is the definitive attribute of God)

Ø     He is Just and Righteous (Isaiah 59:17-19)

Ø     He is Good (Nehemiah 9:20,cf; Mark 10:18)

Ø     He is True (John 14: 17, 15:26, 16:13)

Ø     He is Sovereign (Psalm 51:12; John 3:5 & 8)

 

These things are only true of God.; but they are true of the Holy Spirit!

 

3. Divine acts are ascribed to the Holy Spirit

 

The Spirit’s divinity can also be seen in the fact that He performed the work of God. The Bible ascribes the following divine activities to the Holy Spirit. The works of God are attributed to Him.

 

Ø     The Holy Spirit gives life. Jesus said, “It is the Spirit who gives life” (John 6: 63a). Only God gives life. Yet, the Holy Spirit is frequently portrayed by a stream of water, bringing life and joy whenever it comes. In the last vision of God in the Bible (Revelation 22:1), we are shown the river of the water of life, bright as crystal, flowing jointly from the Father and the Son; a beautiful vision of the Holy Trinity.

Ø     The Holy Spirit creates. The prophet Job said, “The Spirit of God has made me” (Job 33:4). Was is not God who created man? Genesis 1, the first chapter of the Bible which reports how God created the world, says that “the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). In the beginning the Holy Spirit was there taking part in the divine work of creating the universe. David the prophet said, in agreement, “You (God) sent forth Your Spirit, they are created; and You renew the face of the earth,” (Psalm 104:30). Who but God can create and sustain the universe.

Ø     The Holy Spirit saves. Jesus once told a learned man named Nicodemus that he must be born again in order to enter God’s Kingdom. When Nicodemus asked in surprise how a man who is old could be born a second time, Jesus replied that the new birth is the work of the Holy Spirit. Without Christ, people are children of the devil, but God is able to change them by His Holy Spirit. It is the Holy Spirit who opens our eyes to the sinfulness of our hearts and enables us to repent and forsake our sins. As soon as anyone trusts in Jesus Christ, God forgives him and accepts him as His child, and gives him a new heart. Only God’s Spirit is able to open the blind eyes of sinful people and enable them to know who Jesus Christ is, as is written in the Bible, “No one can say that Jesus is Lord except by the Spirit” (1 Corinthians 12:3). Hence, it is not strange that those who do not have the Holy Spirit find it impossible to call Jesus “Lord” and “Son of God”.

Ø     The Holy Spirit sanctifies Christians. I have already said that as soon as anyone trusts in Jesus Christ, God forgives him and accepts him as His child, and gives him a new heart.  But the old sinful nature remains and continues to draw him toward evil. This old nature will be completely destroyed when Jesus comes back. Meanwhile, it is still present. Satan is ever ready to tempt him to disobey God. However, the Holy Spirit, which is in him, helps him to resist the devil and creates in him the holy qualities which God desires, such as love, purity, truth, joy, and peace. This work of the Holy Spirit in the followers of Christ goes on as long as they live on earth, changing them gradually and making them more and more like their Master Jesus Christ.

Ø     The Holy Spirit judges. Before His death, Jesus said to his disciples, “It is to your advantage that I go away; for if I do not go away, the Helper (the Holy Spirit) will not come to you; but if I depart, I will send Him to you. And when He comes, He will convince the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment; of sin, because they do not believe in Me; of righteousness, because I go to My Father and you see Me no more; of judgment, because the ruler of this world is judged,” (John 16:7-11).

Ø     The Holy Spirit raised Jesus Christ from the dead (Romans 8:11; 1Peter 3:18). Who but God can, and will, raise the dead?

Ø     The Holy Spirit inspired people to write the Scripture. While Paul tells us that “All Scripture is given by inspiration of God and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness” (2Timothy 3:16), the apostle Peter tells us that their true author is the Holy Spirit. God spoke through His Holy Spirit to men, and they wrote as the Holy Spirit breathed upon them. “No prophecy of Scripture is of any private interpretation, for prophecy never came by the will of man, but holy men of God spoke as they were moved by the Holy Spirit” (2Peter 1:20-21). Just as the Holy Spirit guided those who wrote the Holy books so the Holy Spirit is the only perfectly true guide for those who read them.

 

Who but God Himself can do the works of God? But these are precisely the works which the Holy Spirit does!

 

4. Definition of sin against the Holy Spirit as blasphemy

 

We know that blasphemy is connected to greatly sinning against God. For example, Muslims’ definition of blasphemy is ‘associating God with someone or something else’. It is something done in dishonour to God.  Yet Jesus said, “Therefore I say to you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven, but the blasphemy against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven men. Anyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man, it will be forgiven him; but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven him, either in this age or in the age to come” (Matthew 12:31-32). Jesus’ definition of the sin of blasphemy against the Holy Spirit and its consequences demonstrates the deity of the Holy Spirit.

The fact of the deity of the Holy Spirit is important for us. If He were not God, He could not perform His beautiful work in creation, nor His authoritative work in inspiration, nor His illuminating work in men’s minds. Neither could He have overcome our depravity to regenerate, indwell, and sanctify the followers of Jesus. We may well be grateful that He is not a finite being but a divine Person.

5. The Holy Spirit’s use along with the Father and the son

 

The bible uses the name of the Holy Spirit along with that of the Father and of the Son is such a way to prove His proper honor and Deity. Consider Jesus’ commission to His disciples in Matthew 28:19 to go and make disciples, ‘baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.’ Consider also Paul’s benediction in 2Corinthians 13:14., ‘The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Love of God (the Father), and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all evermore.’ Here Paul (the strict Jew and the strict Pharisee, who would have killed for the purity of Jewish monotheism) linking Jesus and the Holy Spirit to God. 

The Bible clearly teaches that the Father and the Son are two divine Persons. So, the mere coupling of the name of the Holy Spirit with the names of the Father and the Son, as in the great commission  and in the apostolic benediction, shows that the Spirit is put on the same level as the other two Persons and therefore is considered to be divine. It would be most incongruous to couple the name of a created being with that of the Godhead in such tightly knit expressions.

We can see from these two examples that the Bible presents all the three Persons of the Trinity, including the Holy Spirit, as equal in divinity and honor.

 

Conclusion

 

The Holy Spirit is a divine Person. He is called God. He has the Attributes of God. He does the works of God. He is honoured as God. We can only conclude that He is God; and that He is God in the same sense as are the Father and the Son.

How thankful we must be that the Spirit is a Divine Person! For it is just because He is a divine Person that He can convict us of sin and thereby lead us to God, dwell within us and give us power over sin, inspire the Bible and illuminate our minds so that we can understand it, guide us so that we know what the will of God is for us, lead us in prayer.

What we learn from all these facts is that the Holy Spirit in the followers of Jesus is really God abiding in them. What a priceless privilege, that the Great and Holy God should abide in man by His Spirit! Truly this is the greatest gift that God could give to men, the gift of Himself. To whom is this gift given? When God gave His Son to be the Saviour of the world He also gave His Spirit to all who believe in Jesus Christ. Jesus once said, “If you then, being evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask Him!” (Luke 11:13). God is faithful. Whenever people believe and trust Jesus Christ and submit to Him as their Lord and Saviour and ask God to give them the Holy Spirit, He always does so.

 



© M.E.C. Word of Hope Ministries, 2007-2008. All rights reserved